I have started with query building function as:

(defn records-for-keys-alt
  [table-name primary-key-column records-keys]
  (let [table-name-for-hsql (keyword table-name)
        primary-key-hsql (keyword primary-key-column)]
    (first (hsql/format {:select [:*]
                         :from   [table-name-for-hsql]
                         :where  [:in primary-key-hsql :?values]}
                        {:params {:values records-keys}
                         :pretty true
                         :inline true}))))

but it has resulted with : "\nSELECT *\nFROM s_lab_results\nWHERE key IN [23, 456, 890]\n" which is not correct due to usage of [] brackets.

What was working after colleague had helped me was:

(defn records-for-keys
  [table-name primary-key-column records-keys]
  (let [table-name-for-hsql (keyword table-name)
        primary-key-hsql (keyword primary-key-column)
        records-keys-inline (mapv #(vector :inline %) records-keys)]
    (first (hsql/format {:select [:*]
                         :from   [table-name-for-hsql]
                         :where  [:in primary-key-hsql records-keys-inline]}
                        {:pretty true}))))

The documentation explains why you can't do that (named parameter vector with :in). And that second example isn't safe either. Why are you inlining values? That's not safe in general (SQL injection risks)

Understood, thanks! Values are collection of integers. Actual call may be like (q/records-for-keys-alt "s_lab_results" "key" [23 456 890])

Integers are always checked, since they are results of diff between source and destination database in data integration mechanism.